Chuck



Vplicity, this resulting inv ease an Patented July 22, '1941 'UNITED STATES 'PATENT OFFICE,

CHUCK William J.

A. McKay and Arthur J. Koon, Grand Rapids, Mich.

Application May 15, 1940, serial No. 335,358

9, Claims.

Our invention relates generally to a holding or gripping device or mechanism andu more par,- ticularly to a chuck construction wherein one or more jaws move relatively to the work.

It is to be understood that the great majority of chucks, used `on the various machines of the machine shops, have exposed threads whereby chips and the like from the metal which is being worked upon, gather therein with the result that the threads and their seats are worn out of correct and exact alinement and also whereby ease of operation or adjustment is more or less destroyed. In other words,"the chips and cuttings foul the threads.

One of the main purposes o f our invention is to provide means whereby the adjusting means,

Aas a scroll plate, has its threads completely shielded from lthe chips and thus the unfavorable results, as recited above,.are prevented. That is, by our improved device, chips are kept out of v the adjusting mechanism and 4thus it not only operates free and easy for long periods of time threaded loles I I, see Fig. 5, for attaching the l chuck onto a supporting body. For instance, it

may be bolted onto a revolving element. The member I0 has a central aperture I2 through which the work may be extended when necessary.

Bolts I3 extend through the member I0 into thev '1 adjacent body member I5 and maintain these but it also maintains an exact alinement of parts whereby the-work, exterior, or interior, may be accurately gripped and consequently accurately machined. The chuck thusly becomes chip proof due to the construction employed.

Another feature of our invention lies in the novel oiling system, this giving proper oiling and suicient oiling atl all times.

Furthermore,'advantages lie in the inherent construction of our device, not only in its simmanufacture, but mostly in its eill ncy whereby its shielding function is maintained.

Other objects, advantages and meritorious qualities reside in the special construction, comeconomy of t members I0 and I5 in rigid relationship.

Also, as shown in Fig. l, additional studs or bolts I6 pass through the front member I5 into the rear member I0 to aid in rigidly securing the members in associated relationship.

' As shown at the lower left-hand part of Fig. 1,4 i member I5 is cbred or cut away to form a way I8 with a groove I9 formed along each of its side walls. Fig. 1 also shows two other ways I8 with similar grooves I9. 'I'he way I8 at the top vof Fig. 1 shows both a shoe and a jaw in the way. The

way at'the right-hand lowerpart of Fig. 1 shows only the shoe in place. Consequently, reference has been made to the remaining way inasmuch as the showing relative to the body member itself is clearer and more lucid. The grooves I9 extend the complete length of the way I8 as shown in Fig. 3. The body member I5 hasan opening bination and arrangement of the various ele- I ments forming our invention, as more fully hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawing forming part hereof, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a face or front view with our invention'.

Fig.' 2l is a combined side and sectional view taken along the plane of line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the plane of lineI- of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view taken alongtne piane of une 4-'4 qf Fig. 1.

Flg.'5 is a rear view of the chuck shown in Fig. 1, this view being somewhateduced in scale.`

y nular extension 2l and this extension has'an anof a` chuck equipped 20 formed in continuity with opening I2 for the same purpose.

As shown in Fig. 3 the member lli has an annular cored recess 22 located outwardly therefrom. As shown in tire lower half of, Fig. 2, the extension 2| may be radially drilled inwardly to form a bearing for the end of a pinion shaft to be later described. ,The recess 22 -is machinedY out to form a flat concentric thrust surface for the small end of the bevel pinion 23 rigid with the `shaft 2l. Also, the recss 22 is sumciently cut away to provide clearance for the pinion 28.

The shaft 24 has a larger shaft 25 in alinement I therewith at the outer side of the pinion, the

Fig. 6 is a top' view of one of the sliding'shoes.

/ Fig. 7 is a side view o/f the shoe shown in Fig. 6.

member In being'formed` with a half cylindrical journal 26 to partiallQheceive the shaft 25. The shaft 25 has a square ole 21to non-rotatably ployed.

As shown in the bottom half of Fig. 2, the body A member I has the annular ring 30 fitting snugly inside of the annular extension 2l previously referred to. Next, the member I5 has a at concentric surface which abuts the radial fiat surface of the annular rib or extension on member I0. Then the member I5 has an annular groove 3|, this groove cutting through each oi the three ways I8 as shown in Fig. 3. The member l5 has an annular rib beyond the groove and half cylindrical seats 32, see Fig. 2, are formed therein. These seats cooperate with seats 26, previously mentioned, to revolubly receive shafts 25.

The scroll plate 35 has the spiral thread 36 and bevel teeth' 31 oppositely disposed. 'I'he spiral thread 36 may ride against the bottom of the groove 3l. The bevel teeth 31 mesh with the teeth of the bevel pinion 23. The inner ends of the many teeth on the scroll plate 35 may contact the member I0, see Fig. 3, to prevent binding between the two sets of teeth.

Referring to Figs. 6 to 9, inclusive, 4U indicates the shoe, ribs 4I being formed along the inside and outside of each of the walls 42. These ribs 4I are of such cross section as to slidably engage the grooves I9.` Thus each of the shoes, there 1 being a shoe in each of the three ways shown,

coiled spring 41 entered, a ball 48 placed upon,

the spring and then theedge of the hole is peened over the normal edge of the hole 46 to thus prevent removal of the ball. This construction gives a spring pressed ball which serves as a friction connection between the shoe and the jaw 50. The jaw 50, see Fig. 10,'has a recessed seat 5I,- to receive the projecting part of the spring pressed ball whenever the jaw is located with its inner edge even with the central opening 'through the chuck or inwardly therefrom.

The jaw 50 has a groove 52 along each side I thereof, see Fig. 10. These grooves receive the ribs 4I which are locatedupon the outer sides of the side walls of the shoe 40. Thus the jaw may reciprocate along its shoe. The bottom of each jaw has teeth 53 which mesh with the spiral tooth on the upper side of the scroll plate and thus `rotation of the scroll plate causes inner and outer movement of the several jaws.

The body members Ill and I5, after assembly,

'may have an oil hole 10 drilled therein, see Fig; 4, threaded at' 1| to receive the plug 12, see Fig. .1.

This 'oil hole 10 interceptsthe bearing hole for the small shaft 24 to provide a passageway 13 therebetween. Thus the bevel gear assembly is lubricated.

The -bodymember I5 also has a second duct 15, see Fig. 4, leading from the first duct into the annular recess 3l. An annular groove 16 joins with the duct 15 and provides for circumferential distribution of the lubricant. The scroll plate may have one or more ducts 11 as shown. 75

The operation is readily understood. After the several parts have been assembled, entry of the tool into any of the square holes 21, permits rotation of the pinionA in the chosen direction whereupon the several jaws move inwardly or outwardly.

For example, referring to Fig. l0, the jaw may be movedinwardly. Prior to this movement the shoe is located as shown and thus .the threads or intermeshing parts between the jaw and the scroll plate are shielded from chips, dirt or the like from the work or any other source. Any suitable number of jaws maybe utilized. And their gripping surfaces may be hard or soft or a combination unit as required.

As-the jaw is moved inwardly the shoe remains in its shielding or protecting position. Whenl the edge of the jaw is even with the edge of the shoe, the spring pressed ball snaps into the recess 5I and thus further movement of the j'aW is accompanied by movement of the shoe. Thus the thickened bottom portion of the shoe will move out of the way of the teeth 53 on the bottom of the jaw. 'I'he opening 45 through the bottom of the shoe permits this inward movement.

Upon outward movement the shoe will move along-With the j aw, due to the spring pressed ball connection, until the inner edge of the jaw and also the inner edge of the shoe become even with the work opening 20 and I2, whereupon the construction is such as to cause the thick bottom portion 43 to contact the scroll plate. This stops further movement of the shoe and it remains in the position as shown in Fig. 10. Furtherv movement of the jaw presses the ball 48 inwardly against the action of the spring 41 and thus separate movement of the jaw is permitted. The length of the thicker bottom portion 43 prevents separation therebetween and the jaw member and thus shielding action is continued for the working parts.

Having thus revealed our invention, we claim as new and desire to secure the following combinations and elements, or equivalents thereof, by Letters Patent of the United States.

-We claim:

l. In a mechanism of the class described, a rst body mem-ber, a second body member, means for fastening 'the said members together, means for supporting the same, said members being cut away to form an annular seat therein, a scroll element revolubly mounted in said seat, means for revolving the said scroll element as desired, a way cut in one of said members in juxtaposition to the teeth of the scroll element, a shoe slidably mounted in said way, a jaw slidaoly mounted in said shoe, interengaging means between the said teeth and the jaw and a lost motion connection between the jaw and the shoe.

2. In combination with a 'chuck or the like having a. revoluble scroll plate and a way adjacent thereto, a shoe slidable in said way, a jaw slidable in said shoe, interengaging means between the scroll plate and the :law whereby rotation of the former causes reciprocation of the latter, said shoe and said scroll plate having a lost motion connection therebetween, and friction means between the jaw and the shoe for the purpose described.

3. In combination, a chuck having a way therein, a 'jaw slidable in said way, shielding means slidably mounted between one end of the jaw and the bottom of the way, means `for preventing movement of the said shielding means in one a,aso.oos

depression inl'one of the members and a spring 5 pressed ball lin thev other member juxtaposed to the said depression.

5. In a chuck having a way`with longitudinal grooves therein, a shoe of U-shape cross section,

ribs on the shoe fitting the saidfgrooves whereby 10 sliding movement of the shoe is had, a jaw slidable in the shoe, teeth on the -bottom of the jaw, said shoe having an opening through its medial bottom portion, operating means extending upwardly through said opening'and engaging the l5 y ff teeth at one end, the shoe having a thin portion said jaw teeth whereby reciprocating movement of the jaw is obtained, said opening being of larger dimension than the said operating means whereby the shoe may move with the Jaw, friction means between the jaw and the shoe, and stop 20 means for limiting the' movement of the shoe in one direction.

6. A combination of elements as recited in claim 5 in which the bottom portion of the shoe at one side of the opening therethrough is thick- 25 7. In a chuck v'having a central opening there- 30 through; a way extending from said central opening, operating means extendingfupwardly into the \way a distance. from the said centralv opening,-

movable shielding means extending between the operating means and the said centralopening, 35

said shielding means being normally movable with respect to the hereinafter mentioned jaw, a jaw slidable in said way. said jaw being movable to 'a position over the said central opening, means acting between the Jaw and the shielding means whenever the Jaw is moved to a position over the said central opening to move the shielding means inwardly over the said central opening, and means for limiting the movement of the lshielding means in the other direction to a position wherein the 'shielding means extends coextensively between the operating means and the edge of the said central opening. 1

8. A chuck having a way, a shoe therein, a Jaw slidable in said shoe. said ia-w having depending underneath the teeth and a thicker portion adjacent thereto, said thin` portion being cutaway to permit operating teeth to extend upwardly therethrough to mesh with the said depending teeth, the thicker portion being above the top of shielding means and the jaw together to move as` one for a portion of their travel for the purpose'` described.

ARTHUR J. KOON. WILLIAM J. A. McKAY. 

